The spec should explicitly state that all nested classes (inner, anonymous, local) except for static nested classes are not managed beans.

3.1.1. Which Java classes are managed beans? is confusing:

A top-level Java class is a managed bean if it is defined to be a managed bean by any other Java EE specification, or if it meets all of the following conditions:

• It is not a non-static inner class.
• It is a concrete class, or is annotated @Decorator.
• ...

1. A top-level Java class is never nested
2. Term non-static inner class is inaccurate, static nested classes are not inner
3. It seems that concrete class is not defined in JLS, it should be probably replaced with something like non-abstract...