When using the maxTestClassesBeforeRestart option, server restarts are not ordered with respect to the deployment of the arquillian-service module. Things work fine if the deployment comes second, but if the restart occurs first it automatically undeploys the module. Since the instrumented archive being tested depends upon the arquillian-service module, it can fail and the tests not work. Any exceptions that happen can be very odd and difficult to trace.

After doing some debugging, it seems to come down to the order that ContainerEventController and ContainerRestarter receive the BeforeClass TestClass event.